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The Grove, known officially as the Call/Collins House at The Grove, is an antebellum plantation house located in Tallahassee Leon County, Florida. Territorial Governor Richard Keith Call constructed The Grove circa 1840. By 1851, Call deeded the property to his daughter Ellen Call Long, who owned it until 1903. Long’s granddaughter Reinette Long Hunt acquired the property and owned it until her death in 1940. Hunt opened The Grove Hotel during this era and developed onsite cottages that served as rental properties. After a brief period under the ownership of John W. Ford and Josephine Agler, future Florida governor LeRoy Collins and his wife Mary Call Darby Collins, a great-granddaughter of Richard Keith Call, bought The Grove. Mary Call Darby Collins was the last of Call’s descendants to own The Grove. During LeRoy Collins’ tenure as governor, The Grove served as the unofficial executive residence while the current Florida Governor's Mansion was under construction from 1955 to 1957. The Collins family owned The Grove until 1985, when the state of Florida acquired the property for the purpose of creating a state historic house museum. The Collins family received life leases and lived there until their deaths. Following the death of Mrs. Collins in 2009, the property formally reverted to the state. The property includes a small active family cemetery that predates the current Grove residence and serves as the final resting place for several generations of the Call and Collins families. == Richard Keith Call Era == The 10-acre parcel on which The Grove is situated was once part of a much larger 640 acre tract purchased by Richard Keith Call in 1825. Call came to Tallahassee after his single term as territorial delegate to the United States House of Representatives. He was a member of future president Andrew Jackson’s inner circle and used his connections to secure a position with the federal land office in Tallahassee. The first residence on the property, described as “a plain building of several rooms on one floor, with outside chimneys and porches,”〔Ellen Call Long, Florida Breezes; Or, Florida, New and Old (Jacksonville, FL: Douglas Printing Company, Inc., 1883; (edition ) Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press, 1962), 106-107.〕 was built around the time Call acquired the property in 1825. According to oral tradition, Mary Kirkman Call, Richard Keith Call’s wife, was responsible for the naming of The Grove. In an early letter written by Mrs. Call to Jackson’s wife Rachel, the letter is datelined from “Hickory Grove.”〔Leslie Divoll, Florida Department of State, Division of Historical Resources, The Grove Tallahassee, Florida Historic Structure Report, Part I (Tallahassee, FL, 1992), 1-2.〕 In 1836, President Andrew Jackson appointed Richard Keith Call as Territorial Governor of Florida. The overriding concern of the territory at this time was the Second Seminole War, in which Call played a central role. As Brigadier General of the Florida Militia prior to his governorship, Call led the state militia into the ill-fated Battle of Withlacoochee, which took place on December 31, 1835. Upon his return to Tallahassee, Call sought to regroup his forces and was prepared to set sail with them for Tampa Bay when the death of his wife forced him to remain behind and attend to family matters, including handling the arrangements for his newborn daughter Mary Call Brevard. It was during this time that he received his appointment to the governorship, and immediately immersed himself into the administration of the territory. The Grove likely served as an important planning center during the war, as Call, who advocated for a more aggressive military strategy, often sent the Florida militia off to conduct their own campaigns.〔Herbert J. Doherty, Richard Keith Call: Southern Unionist (Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press, 1961), 96-114.〕 The Grove also served as the headquarters for a contingent of the US 6th Infantry during the war.〔Thomas Hagner to Peter Hagner, November 13, 1838, in Divoll, The Grove, 20.〕 The exact date of The Grove’s construction is not known. The earliest known reference to home’s construction comes from Thomas Hagner, who wrote in November 1838: “I was at Governor Call’s yesterday, he has not returned. Col. Green of the infantry makes his house headquarters, and Mr. Walker, a fine gentleman of the bar – a relative of the governor, also lives there. The house is about ½ mile from Tallahassee. The Governor is building a very fine brick house there just in front of his present residence, which they say will be the finest house in the Territory.”〔Ibid.〕 The Grove was finished by the end of 1839. The “Col. Green” referenced in this letter was likely Lt. Col. John Green, an officer in the 6th US Infantry who later died in 1840 and was originally buried in the Call Family Cemetery before being reinterred at St. Augustine National Cemetery.〔Returns of Killed and Wounded in Battles or Engagements with Indians, British, and Mexican Troops, compiled 1850–1851, documenting the period 1790–1848. Microfilm publication M1832, 1 roll. ARC ID: 1184633. Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1780s–1917, Record Group 94. National Archives at Washington, D.C.〕 Built during the Second Seminole War, security concerns were a major aspect of The Grove’s construction. The thick exterior and interior walls and the columns are all made from brick likely manufactured onsite, giving the building a fortress-like appearance. Having access to clean water was also important during this time, and at least one cistern, recently restored, was built for this purpose. The construction of The Grove also coincided with the completion of the Tallahassee Railroad, first to St. Marks in 1837 then to Port Leon in 1839. Elements of the building were most certainly imported at this time, including the wood flooring, marble fireplaces, and sandstone window sills. These items likely arrived to Tallahassee through the newly completed railroad from either St. Marks or Port Leon.〔Divoll, 21-24.〕 The Grove was built by enslaved craftsmen of African descent, many of whom were likely hired from other slave owners and had perhaps also worked to build Call’s railroad. The level of their craftsmanship can be seen in the building itself, which still stands after over 175 years. While Call owned a number of slaves at this time and later became a cotton planter, there is little evidence to suggest The Grove itself ever served as a major agricultural plantation. Call was primarily involved with land speculation, his legal practice, the railroad, and politics. During the financial fallout from the Port Leon disaster in the early 1840s, of which Richard Keith Call was a major investor, The Grove was among the assets listed as collateral in settlements reached with his various creditors. The Port Leon debacle, coupled with the Tallahassee fire of 1843 (which started in a building co-owned by Call and destroyed his law office), and the failure of the Union Bank led to significant financial difficulties and a series of lawsuits against Call that lasted into the 1850s. In the ensuing settlements, Call lost some of his land holdings, but was able to keep The Grove, the Tallahassee Railroad Company, and the Orchard Pond Plantation near Lake Jackson.〔Ibid.; Doherty, 84-94.〕 In 1845, after a failed run for governor of Florida, Call retired from active politics. Afterwards, he devoted himself more to the life of a gentleman planter and took up residence at Orchard Pond plantation. By the late 1840s, his daughter Ellen married a promising lawyer and future state legislator, Medicus A. Long, and started a family of her own. Call eventually deeded her The Grove along with seven slaves in 1851. He spent the rest of his life at Orchard Pond, but was a frequent visitor of The Grove. In one of the notable events of The Grove’s history, Call, who was an ardent Southern Unionist, came to Tallahassee to protest the state’s secession convention taking place at the Capitol in January 1861. He decided at the last minute not to go, however, and stayed instead at The Grove. It was here that a group of secessionists decided to accost him after they voted to secede. Call stood out on the front porch, and raising his cane above his head, told them “You have opened the gates of hell, from which shall flow the curses of the damned which shall sink you to perdition.”〔LeRoy Collins, Forerunners Courageous: Stories of the Florida Frontier (Tallahassee, FL: Colcade Publishers, Inc., 1971), 155.〕 He returned to The Grove permanently as his health deteriorated, and died in 1862. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Grove Plantation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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